Search for dissertations about: "insulin and glucagon secretion"

Showing result 11 - 15 of 71 swedish dissertations containing the words insulin and glucagon secretion.

  2. 11. Signal Transduction of Glucagon Secretion

    Author : Elaine Vieira; Erik Gylfe; Lena Eliasson; Uppsala universitet; []
    Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Cell biology; secretion; glucagon; store-operated channels; calcium; diabetes; Cellbiologi; Cell biology; Cellbiologi;

    Abstract : Diabetes mellitus is a bihormonal disorder with hyperglycemia due to deficiency of insulin and hypersecretion of glucagon. To improve diabetes treatment it is important to clarify the signal transduction of glucagon secretion. READ MORE

  4. 12. ADP regulation of insulin secretion and beta-cell apoptosis

    Author : Chanyuan Tan; Kardiologi; []
    Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; P2Y; β-cell; ADP; insulin; apoptosis; autocrine; ectonucleotidase;

    Abstract : The aims of this dissertation were to investigate the effects of extracellular purines on insulin secretion, and apoptosis in mouse pancreatic islets and β-cells; to examine if high glucose and free fatty acids induces β-cell apoptosis via autocrine effects of ADP acting on the P2Y13 receptor; and to investigate the modulation of extracellular purines in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through ectonucleotidase or ATP release under the effect of high glucose. The expression of the ADP receptors P2Y1 and P2Y13 were shown in both mouse pancreatic islets and isolated β-cells using real-time PCR quantification. READ MORE

  5. 13. The Human Pancreatic Islet Methylome and Its Role in Type 2 Diabetes

    Author : Tasnim Dayeh; Diabetes - epigenetik; []
    Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; CpG-SNP; glucagon secretion; insulin secretion; human pancreatic islets; DNA methylation; Epigenetics;

    Abstract : Islet dysfunction is central to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Epigenetic modifications are essential for establishing and maintaining cell identity and function in normal circumstances. Exposure to adverse environmental factors may alter the epigenome, and result in changes of gene expression and the resulting phenotype. READ MORE

  6. 14. Characterization of Impaired Glucose Tolerance - Insulin Sensitivity, Islet Function and Metabolic Risk Factors

    Author : Hillevi Larsson; Malmö Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper; []
    Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Endocrinology; muscle fiber type; androgen activity; proinsulin; glucagon; insulin secretion; insulin sensitivity; Impaired glucose tolerance; type 2 diabetes; sekretion; diabetologi; Endokrinologi; diabetology; secreting systems;

    Abstract : This thesis presents a three-year prospective study on metabolic characteristics of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and the regulation of insulin sensitivity versus islet function in relation to changes in glucose tolerance. 108 non-diabetic women aged 57-58 years were randomly selected from a population of women born in 1935 with a high prevalence of IGT. READ MORE

  7. 15. Studies of cAMP and Ca2+ signaling in pancreatic islet cells

    Author : Hongyan Shuai; Anders Tengholm; Erik Gylfe; Sebastian Barg; Albert Salehi; Uppsala universitet; []
    Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; pancreatic islet; insulin; glucagon; somatostatin; pancreatic polypeptide; exendin- 9-39 ; GLP-1; GIP; ATP; adenosine; cAMP; Ca2 ; β-cell; α-cell; δ-cell; PP-cell;

    Abstract : The blood glucose-lowering and -elevating hormones insulin and glucagon are released from the pancreatic islet β- and α-cells, respectively. The intracellular messengers Ca2+ and cAMP have central roles in controlling the secretion of both hormones, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. READ MORE