On chip integrated sample preparation for proteomics

Abstract: The aim of this thesis project has been to create miniaturized analytical tools that improve sample preparation for the very rapidly growing field of proteomics research. The presented miniaturized analytical tools provide novel and generic analytical solutions, which are highly adaptable for analysis of various low abundant biomolecules. The adaptability and generality of the analytical technology is very important since there are a great diversity both in the analysis methods used and the biomolecules themselves. This technology is achieved through the use of silicon micromachning. The thesis presents microstructure developments both in the form of improvements of existing technology and new hardware in the form of microstructures for sample preparation purposes in proteomics. This is achieved by integrated on-chip sample preparation enabling enrichment and sensitive analysis by mass spectrometry. A sample preparation platform (spot-on-a-chip) consisting of a microdispenser and nanovial arrays enables efficient protein enrichment and sensitive microspot sample preparation for Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analysis is presented. Technology for improved enzymatic digestion and highly efficient solid-phase microextraction is also demonstrated.