Search for dissertations about: ": tRNA"

Showing result 1 - 5 of 100 swedish dissertations containing the words : tRNA.

2. 1. Choice of tRNA on Translating Ribosomes

   Author : Elli Bouakaz; Måns Ehrenberg; Christian Spahn; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Molecular biology; Ribosome; Translation; Accuracy; Proofreading; tRNA; Molekylärbiologi; Molecular biology; Molekylärbiologi;

   Abstract : This thesis addresses different aspects of the question about accuracy of protein synthesis: i) the mechanism of tRNA selection during translation ii) study of ribosomal mutations that affect accuracy and iii) the choice of aminoacyl-tRNA isoacceptors on synonymous codons.By measuring the codon reading efficiencies of cognate and near-cognate ternary complexes we demonstrate that in optimal physiological conditions accuracy of substrate selection is much higher than previously reported; that during translation the ribosomal A site is not blocked by unspecific binding of the non-cognate tRNAs which would inhibit the speed of protein synthesis. READ MORE

4. 2. Factors modulating tRNA biogenesis and function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

   Author : Fu Xu; Anders Byström; Marcus J. O. Johansson; Raffael Schaffrath; Umeå universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Translation; tRNA biogenesis; suppressor tRNA; Elongator complex; wobble uridine modifications; SUP4; YPK9; SSD1; serine tRNA; synthetic lethality; yeast; biology; biologi; molekylärbiologi; Molecular Biology; Genetics; genetik;

   Abstract : Transfer RNA (tRNA) genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase III as precursors that undergo multiple processing steps to form mature tRNAs. These steps include processing of the 5’ leader and 3’ trailer sequences, addition of a 3’ CCA tail, removal of introns, and formation of modified nucleosides. READ MORE

5. 3. Influence of cisplatin on RNA structure in solution Escherichia coli tRNA(Ala) and human Wnt-5a 3' UTR model system studies

   Author : Pal Papsai; Biokemi och Strukturbiologi; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Biokemi; metabolism; Proteins; enzymology; Proteiner; enzymologi; Metabolism; Biochemistry; Naturvetenskap; Natural science; tRNA.; siRNA; probing RNA structure in solution; alanyl-tRNA synthetase; cisplatin;

   Abstract : RNA molecules in the cellular environment have several important functions. In many cases, proper RNA function is intimately linked to proper three-dimensional structure of the molecule. Thus, it seems reasonable to assume that structural changes caused by external influence can strongly inhibit important cellular functions maintained by RNAs. READ MORE

6. 4. Formation of Thiolated Nucleosides in tRNA in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium

   Author : Hans Lundgren; Glenn Björk; Charles Lauhon; Umeå universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; : tRNA; modified nucleosides; thiolation; sulfur metabolism; Salmonella; Molecular biology; Molekylärbiologi;

   Abstract : The presence and synthesis of transfer RNA (tRNA) is highly conserved in all organisms and a lot of genetic material is dedicated to its synthesis. tRNA contains a large number of modified nucleosides and several diverse functions have been found but much about their function is still unknown. READ MORE

7. 5. Functional aspects of modified nucleosides in tRNA

   Author : Hao Xu; Anders S. Byström; Damien Hermand; Umeå universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; tRNA modification; frameshifting; Elongator complex; Elp1p; Prb1p; proteolysis; glioma; TRM6 61; PKCα;

   Abstract : Transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) are extensively modified, especially their anticodon loops. Modifications at position 34 (wobble base) and 37 in these loops affect the tRNAs’ decoding ability, while modifications outside the anticodon loops, e.g. m1A58 of tRNAMeti, may be crucial for tRNA structure or stability. READ MORE