Search for dissertations about: "Biological fitness"

Showing result 1 - 5 of 275 swedish dissertations containing the words Biological fitness.

  2. 1. Finding fitness : empirical and theoretical explorations of inferring fitness effects from population-level SNP data

    Author : Bea Angelica Andersson; Xiao-Ru Wang; Åke Brännström; Tanja Slotte; Umeå universitet; []
    Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; distribution of fitness effects; site frequency spectra; missing data filtering; downsampling; imputation; sample size; population structure; inbreeding; selfing; homozygosity; Arabidopsis; Pinus; DFE-alpha; SLiM; population genomics; adaptation; biology; biologi; evolutionär genetik; evolutionary genetics; populationsbiologi; Population Biology; molekylärbiologi; Molecular Biology; Genetics; genetik;

    Abstract : The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) describes the likelihood that a new mutation has a specific effect on the fitness of an individual in a given population. The shape of the DFE is a result of several factors such as population size, mating system and selective environment, and can in turn influence the evolutionary potential of a species. READ MORE

  4. 2. Experimental Evolution : and Fitness Effects of Mutations

    Author : Anna Knöppel; Dan I Andersson; Stanley Maloy; Uppsala universitet; []
    Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Experimental evolution; Fitness effects; mutations; S20; fis; ribosome; horizontal gene transfer; adaptation; synonymous mutations; Mikrobiologi; Microbiology;

    Abstract : Bacteria have small, streamlined genomes and evolve rapidly. Their large population sizes allow selection to be the main driver of evolution. With advances in sequencing technologies and precise methods for genetic engineering, many bacteria are excellent models for studying elementary questions in evolutionary biology. READ MORE

  5. 3. Evolutionary Dynamics of Mutation and Gene Transfer in Bacteria

    Author : Peter A Lind; Dan I Andersson; J. Arjan G. M. de Visser; Uppsala universitet; []
    Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; fitness cost; bacterial evolution; gene amplification; mutational biases; GC content; synonymous substitutions; horizontal gene transfer; experimental evolution; Bacteriology; Bakteriologi; Microbiology; Mikrobiologi; Genetics; Genetik; Biology; Biologi; Mikrobiologi; Microbiology;

    Abstract : The study of bacterial evolution is fundamental for addressing current problems of antibiotic resistance and emerging infectious diseases and lays a solid foundation for successful and rational design in biotechnology and synthetic biology. The main aim of this thesis is to test evolutionary hypotheses, largely based on theoretical considerations and sequence analysis, by designing scenarios in a laboratory setting to obtain experimental data. READ MORE

  6. 4. Multi-Resistance Plasmids : Fitness Costs, Dynamics and Evolution

    Author : Fredrika Rajer; Linus Sandegren; Pål Jarle Johnsen; Uppsala universitet; []
    Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; multi-resistance plasmids; evolution; fitness cost; dynamics; escherichia coli; ESBL; gene amplification; β-lactamase inhibitor; Biologi med inriktning mot mikrobiologi; Biology with specialization in Microbiology;

    Abstract : Antibiotic resistance is an escalating problem, not only due to less desirable treatment options and outcome, but also due to the economic burden to health care caused by resistant pathogens. Since the process of developing new antibiotics is slow, we need to carefully consider the usage of the antibiotics still available. READ MORE

  7. 5. Haploid selection in animals : Exploring the fitness consequences and underlying mechanisms

    Author : Ghazal Alavioon; Simone Immler; Tommaso Pizzari; Uppsala universitet; []
    Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; sperm; evolution; haploid selection; reproductive aging; fitness;

    Abstract : A consequence of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes is the evolution of a biphasic life cycle with alternating diploid and haploid gametic phases. While our focus in evolutionary biology is on selection during the diploid phase, we know relatively little about selection occurring during the haploid gametic stage. READ MORE