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Showing result 1 - 5 of 81 swedish dissertations matching the above criteria.

2. 1. Palmitate-induced Apoptosis in Insulin-producing β-cells

   Author : Kristofer Thörn; Peter Bergsten; Claes Wollheim; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; ER stress; apoptosis; palmitate; sphingosine-1-phosphate; ceramide; beta-cell; fatty acid; Medical cell biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi; Medical Cell Biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi;

   Abstract : Type 2 diabetes is a disease characterized by the inability of pancreatic β-cells to secrete sufficient amounts of insulin to maintain normoglycemia. Increased levels of saturated fatty acids such as palmitate are believed to contribute to β-cell failure and the development of the disease. READ MORE

4. 2. Tissue-Selective Activation and Toxicity of Substituted Dichlorobenzenes : Studies on the Mechanism of Cell Death in the Olfactory Mucosa

   Author : Anna Franzén; Eva Brittebo; Ingvar Brandt; Olavi Pelkonen; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Toxicology; tissue-selective toxicity; bioactivation; olfactory mucosa; substituted dichlorobenzenes; Bowman s glands; sustentacular cells; ER stress; Grp78; caspase-12; caspase-3; CYP2A5; protein adduction; nasal toxicity; Toxikologi; Toxicology; Toxikologi;

   Abstract : The nasal passages are constantly exposed to both air- and bloodborne foreign compounds. In particular, the olfactory mucosa is demonstrated to be susceptible to a variety of drugs and chemicals. READ MORE

5. 3. Free fatty acids and insulin hypersecretion studied in human islets

   Author : Jing Cen; Peter Bergsten; Miriam Cnop; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; free fatty acids; palmitate; human islets; EndoC-βH1 cells; metformin; sorcin; insulin secretion; mitochondrial respiration; ER stress; human transcriptome array; Medical Cell Biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi;

   Abstract : Free fatty acid (FFA) levels are increased in many obese subjects. High FFA levels stimulate the pancreatic beta-cells but have negative long-term effects. In obese children with high FFA levels circulating insulin concentration is high early in life but decline with age precipitating the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). READ MORE

6. 4. Modeling and exploring human IRE1 as a strategy to design novel inhibitors: a computational approach

   Author : Antonio Carlesso; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; ER stress; unfolded protein response; cancer; inflammation; neurodegeneration; therapeutic targets; molecular docking; molecular dynamics;

   Abstract : Inositol Requiring Enzyme 1 (IRE1) is a bifunctional serine/threonine kinase and endoribonuclease that is the major mediator of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The association of IRE1 dysregulation with a wide range of human diseases, stimulated research towards the discovery of small organic molecules able to modulate IRE1 signalling, and to potentially be used as novel therapeutics. READ MORE

7. 5. Selective Retention of β-Carbolines and 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in the Brain : Role of Neuromelanin and Cytochrome P450 for Toxicity

   Author : Anna Östergren; Eva Brittebo; Nils Gunnar Lindquist; Anne-Lie Svensson; Hans Tjälve; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Toxicology; β-carboline; neuromelanin; norharman; harman; parkinsonism; Parkinson s disease; motoric impairment; behaviour; glia cells; substantia nigra; dopamine melanin; PC12 cells; ER stress; grp78; hsp90; cytochrome P450; CYP1A1; CYP1B1; blood-brain interfaces; 7; 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; endothelial cell; smooth muscle cell; bioactivation; Toxikologi; Toxicology; Toxikologi; Toxicology; toxikologi;

   Abstract : The ß-carbolines norharman and harman structurally resemble the synthetic compound 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) that is known for its ability to damage neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra and thereby induce parkinsonism. MPTP is, however, not normally present in the environment whereas the ß-carbolines are present in cooked food and tobacco smoke. READ MORE