Search for dissertations about: "NPEs"

Found 4 swedish dissertations containing the word NPEs.

2. 1. Cation adsorption properties of substituted kraft fibres : an experimental and thermodynamic modelling study

   Author : Ola Sundman; Lars-Olof Öhman; Per Persson; Janne Laine; Umeå universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Kraft fibres; Donnan equilibria; ion exchange; acid base properties; potentiometric titrations; thermodynamic modelling; NPEs; GaAl12 7 ; EXAFS; Chemistry; Kemi;

   Abstract : Acid/base and metal ion adsorption properties have been investigated for a range of chemically modified bleached Kraft fibre materials (pulps). The studies were performed via potentiometric titrations, Flame Atomic Absorbtion (and Emission) Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy and Extended X-ray Absorbtion Fine Structure measurements. READ MORE

4. 2. Inorganic ions in wood chips- Leaching prior to Kraft pulping and effect of calcium on Kraft delignification

   Author : Anna Saltberg; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Keywords : TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; modelling; calcium; Scandinavian softwood; Keywords: Kraft pulping; potassium; birch; eucalyptus; aspen; acidic leaching; oxalate.;

   Abstract : Wood is the main source of Non-Process Elements (NPEs), such as, calcium, potassium, manganese and chloride in Kraft pulp mills. Due to the recirculation of cooking chemicals and water, process disturbances related to the accumulation of NPEs in the process streams are inevitable. READ MORE

5. 3. Indirect Exploitation of Intellectual Property Rights By Corporations and Investors: IP Privateering & Modern Letters of Marque & Reprisal

   Author : Thomas Ewing; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Keywords : TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; equity; non-practicing entity NPE ; innovation system; unclean hands; indirect exploitation; Intellectual property IP ; patent troll; patent misuse; privateer; intellectual property right IPR ; patent; operating company; tortious interference; corporate formalism; antitrust; investor; competition;

   Abstract : Competitive pressures and rent-seeking behaviors have motivated companies and investors to develop indirect techniques for beneficially exploiting third-party intellectual property rights (IPRs) that qualitatively depart from the slate of direct exploitation tools whose usage has been honed during the past 30 years of the pro-patent era. Companies have increasingly realized that they do not need to create IPRs themselves to exploit them beneficially, which has been the conventional usage pattern. READ MORE

6. 4. Exploring the Boundaries of Patent Commercialization Models via Litigation

   Author : Thomas Ewing; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Keywords : SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; theory of the firm; Intellectual property rights; licensing; patents; governance; innovation economics; research and development; technology management; value appropriation; strategy;

   Abstract : This thesis explores direct patent commercialization via patent assertion, particularly patent infringement litigation, a complex nonmarket activity whose successful undertaking requires knowledge, creativity, and financial resources, as well as a colorable infringement case. Despite these complexities, firms have increasingly employed patents as competitive tools via patent assertions, particularly in the United States. READ MORE