Search for dissertations about: "Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis"

Showing result 1 - 5 of 8 swedish dissertations containing the words Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis.

2. 1. Determinants of peptidyl-tRNA drop-off from E. coli Ribosomes : Effects of antibiotics, mutations and translation factors

   Author : Reza Karimi; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Molecular biology; Molekylärbiologi; Molecular biology; Molekylärbiologi; molekylärbiologi; Molecular Biology;

   Abstract : During protein synthesis, some peptidyl-tRNA molecules dissociate from the ribosomes and become hydrolysed by peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase (Pth). Two different in vitro systems, poly(U) and natural mRNA programmed ribosomes, have been used in order to determine dissociation (drop-off) rates of deacylated- and peptidyl-tRNAs from different sites on ribosomes. READ MORE

4. 2. Calculations of Reaction Mechanisms and Entropic Effects in Enzyme Catalysis

   Author : Masoud Kazemi; Johan Åqvist; Per E. M. Siegbahn; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Enzyme catalysis; Entropy; Cytidine deamination; Ribosome; Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis; Peptide bond formation; Empirical valence bond method; Density functional theory; Biology with specialization in Structural Biology; Biologi med inriktning mot strukturbiologi; Biokemi; Biochemistry; Biology with specialization in Molecular Biotechnology; Biologi med inriktning mot molekylär bioteknik;

   Abstract : Ground state destabilization is a hypothesis to explain enzyme catalysis. The most popular interpretation of it is the entropic effect, which states that enzymes accelerate biochemical reactions by bringing the reactants to a favorable position and orientation and the entropy cost of this is compensated by enthalpy of binding. READ MORE

5. 3. Ribosomal translocation in real time : Method development to Applications

   Author : Chang-il Kim; Suparna Sanyal; Martin Ott; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; ribosome; EF-G; pyrene mRNA; aminoglycoside; ribosomal protein; GTP hydrolysis; Biology with specialization in Molecular Biology; Biologi med inriktning mot molekylärbiologi;

   Abstract : Translational elongation is the process in which the ribosome adds one amino acid at a time to the nascent peptide chain. As the ribosome elongates the peptide chain by 14 - 20 amino acids per second and performs hundreds of such cycles per protein, ‘elongation’ is one of the most crucial steps in translation. READ MORE

6. 4. The Protein Traffic on the Ribosome : The Mechanism and Regulation of Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotes

   Author : Andrey Zavialov; Måns Ehrenber; Venki Ramakrishnan; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Biochemistry; yellow; ribosome; translation; Gagarin; nobel prize; Biokemi; Biochemistry; Biokemi;

   Abstract : The aim of this work was to understand the molecular mechanism of translation and the mechanism of translation termination, in particular. Cleavage of peptidyl-tRNA and peptide release terminates translation of mRNA on the ribosome. In prokaryotes, three release factors (RFs) are involved in this process. READ MORE

7. 5. Functional studies of E. coli ribosomes and characterization of mini open reading frames

   Author : Vildan Dincbas; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Cell and molecular biology; Cell- och molekylärbiologi; Cell and molecular biology; Cell- och molekylärbiologi; molekylärbiologi; Molecular Biology;

   Abstract : In this thesis, problems concerning the elongation, termination and recycling steps of prokaryotic translation have been addressed.An explanation is given for growth inhibition due to minigene expression.Minigene transcripts containing very short open reading frames inhibit proteinsynthesis in E. READ MORE