Search for dissertations about: "Radiological physics"

Showing result 1 - 5 of 20 swedish dissertations containing the words Radiological physics.

  2. 1. Spectral Mammography with X-Ray Optics and a Photon-Counting Detector

    Author : Erik Fredenberg; Mats Danielsson; Björn Cederström; Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen; KTH; []
    Keywords : ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; NATURVETENSKAP; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; mammography; x-ray optics; photon counting; spectral shaping; spectral imaging; collimation; radiation dose; signal-to-noise ratio; quantum noise; anatomical noise; spatial resolution; x-ray flux; ; TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIKVETENSKAP; Engineering physics; Teknisk fysik; Optical physics; Optisk fysik; Other engineering physics; Övrig teknisk fysik; Electrical engineering; electronics and photonics; Elektroteknik; elektronik och fotonik; Medical engineering; Medicinsk teknik; Radiological research; Radiologisk forskning;

    Abstract : Early detection is vital to successfully treating breast cancer, and mammography screening is the most efficient and wide-spread method to reach this goal. Imaging low-contrast targets, while minimizing the radiation exposure to a large population is, however, a major challenge. READ MORE

  4. 2. Studies of Accelerator-Driven Systems for Transmutation of Nuclear Waste

    Author : Marcus Dahlfors; Ane Håkansson; Alfred Hogenbirk; Uppsala universitet; []
    Keywords : NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Nuclear physics; transmutation; accelerator-driven systems; Energy Amplifier; subcritical reactors; nuclear waste; Monte Carlo simulation; burnup; actinides; fission products; benchmark; nuclear data; neutron cross sections; sensitivity analysis; neutron source; spallation target; n_TOF experiment; neutron time-of-flight; cross section measurement; FLUKA; EA-MC; MCNP; MCNP-X; EADF; TRADE; Kärnfysik; Nuclear physics; Kärnfysik;

    Abstract : Accelerator-driven systems for transmutation of nuclear waste have been suggested as a means for dealing with spent fuel components that pose potential radiological hazard for long periods of time. While not entirely removing the need for underground waste repositories, this nuclear waste incineration technology provides a viable method for reducing both waste volumes and storage times. READ MORE

  5. 3. Quantifying image quality in diagnostic radiology using simulation of the imaging system and model observers

    Author : Gustaf Ullman; Michael Sandborg; Gudrun Alm Carlsson; Nicolas Pallikarakis; Linköpings universitet; []
    Keywords : MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; radiology; radiation physics; image quality; optimisation; effective dose; chest radiography; Radiological physics; Radiofysik;

    Abstract : Accurate measures of both clinical image quality and patient radiation risk are needed for successful optimisation of medical imaging with ionising radiation. Optimisation in diagnostic radiology means finding the image acquisition technique that maximises the perceived information content and minimises the radiation risk or keeps it at a reasonably low level. READ MORE

  6. 4. Detector Considerations for Time-of-Flight in Positron Emission Tomography

    Author : Florian Bauer; Christian Bohm; Magnus Dahlbom; Stockholms universitet; []
    Keywords : MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Positron Emission Tomography; Time of Flight; Depth of Interaction; LSO; Radiological physics; Radiofysik; Medical Radiation Physics; medicinsk strålningsfysik;

    Abstract : Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET) is a modern imaging technique in nuclear medicine providing quantitative 3D distribution of a radioactive tracer substance in the human body. The gamma-detector is the first link in the chain of components that constitutes a PET. READ MORE

  7. 5. Absorbed dose and biological effect in light ion therapy

    Author : Malin Hollmark; Irena Gudowska; Oliver Jäkel; Stockholms universitet; []
    Keywords : MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Light ion therapy; absorbed dose calculation; analytical pencil beam model; Monte Carlo; radiobiological modeling; Radiological physics; Radiofysik; medicinsk strålningsfysik; Medical Radiation Physics;

    Abstract : Radiation therapy with light ions improves treatment outcome for a number of tumor types. The advantageous dose distributions of light ion beams en-able exceptional target conformity, which assures high dose delivery to the tumor while minimizing the dose to surrounding normal tissues. READ MORE