Search for dissertations about: "antibiotic misuse"

Showing result 1 - 5 of 12 swedish dissertations containing the words antibiotic misuse.

2. 1. Antibiotic use among children in low- and middle-income countries : Studies on global trends, and contextual determinants of antibiotic prescribing in Eastern Uganda

   Author : Gbemisola Allwell-Brown; Emily White Johansson; Andreas Mårtensson; Freddy Kitutu; Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb; Susanne Strömdahl; Mike English; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; antibiotic; child; low- and middle-income countries; LMICs; fever; under-five; Uganda; primary healthcare; health systems; Social Medicine; Socialmedicin; International Health; Internationell hälsa; Epidemiologi; Epidemiology; Family Medicine; Allmänmedicin; Pediatrik; Pediatrics;

   Abstract : This thesis aimed to systematically map trends in reported antibiotic use (RAU) among sick under-five children across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in 2005-2017, and, to understand the contextual determinants of antibiotic prescribing in Eastern Uganda. Based on 132 national surveys from 73 LMICs, and using Bayesian linear regression models, trends in RAU among sick under-five children (with symptoms of fever, diarrhoea or cough with fast/difficult breathing) across LMICs in 2005-2017 were mapped by WHO region, World Bank country income group, symptom complaint (Study-I), and by the following user characteristics: rural/urban residence, maternal education, household wealth and source of care (Study-II). READ MORE

4. 2. Selection of Resistance at very low Antibiotic Concentrations

   Author : Erik Gullberg; Dan I Andersson; Diarmaid Hughes; Linus Sandegren; Laura Piddock; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Antibiotic resistance; Selection; Antibiotic resistant bacteria; Minimal inhibitory concentration; Heavy metals; Conjugative plasmid; ESBL; Mikrobiologi; Microbiology; Biology with specialization in Microbiology; Biologi med inriktning mot mikrobiologi; Biology with specialization in Molecular Evolution; Biologi med inriktning mot molekylär evolution;

   Abstract : The extensive medical and agricultural use and misuse of antibiotics during the last 70 years has caused an enrichment of resistant pathogenic bacteria that now severely threatens our capacity to efficiently treat bacterial infections. While is has been known for a long time that high concentrations of antibiotics can select for resistant mutants, less is known about the lower limit at which antibiotics can be selective and enrich for resistant bacteria. READ MORE

5. 3. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in implant dentistry : a microbiological and clinical perspective

   Author : Dalia Khalil; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Keywords : ;

   Abstract : The current development of antibiotic resistance calls for prudent use of antibiotic prescription. Methods of investigating antibiotic overconsumption, include identifying areas of misuse or overuse, as well as implementing recommendations and guidelines. The efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis prior to dental implant surgery is debated. READ MORE

6. 4. Are we using antibiotics responsibly? Assessing antibiotic use in rural Shandong province, China

   Author : Oliver James Dyar; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Keywords : Community;

   Abstract : Background: Tackling the misuse and overuse of antibiotics is critical both for global sustainable development and for reducing social inequalities in the world. The World Health Organisation Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance calls on all Member States to develop multi-sectoral National Action Plans and to “monitor and promote optimization of antimicrobial use at national and local levels”. READ MORE

7. 5. Silicon Nanowire Based Sensors for Bacterial Tests

   Author : Yingtao Yu; Zhen Zhang; Mihai Adrian Ionescu; Uppsala universitet; []
   Keywords : TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; silicon nanowire; field-effect transistor; antibiotic susceptibility test; bacterial metabolism; nanoelectromechanical sensor; multiplexed detection;

   Abstract : Rapid and reliable antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) is urgently required to diagnose bacterial infectious diseases and avoid antibiotic misuse, providing valuable information on the efficacy of antibiotic agents and their dosages for treatment. However, the currently employed phenotypic ASTs normally demand the growth of bacteria into colonies, which usually takes more than two days. READ MORE