Breast self-examination

Abstract: The general aim of this thesis was to identify factors which determine women's motivation to perform self-examination of the breasts in order to obtain a basis for an intervention programme. The samples were randomly selected among women without breast cancer. Methods used were questionnaires and interview.In general, breast self-examination (BSE) behaviour showed poor compliance, especially in terms of regularity. In this respect younger women showed better regularity than older women. For BSE-performance without indication of frequency, the greatest probability of performance was found among older women. Those who performed the examination had a better knowledge of the BSE-method than those who did not. Lack of knowledge influenced the women's ability to perform BSE and thereby their self-confidence. Other factors influencing women's motivation to perform or not to perform BSE were: the possibility of early detection and treatment of breast cancer, feelings of anxiety/fear of breast cancer and loss of a breast, trust in one's own ability to perform BSE and trust in others. Forgetfulness was a common explanation for not performing BSE. The importance of the role of the nurse was pointed out. She is able to encourage women to get to know their breasts by educating them in the method and demonstrating it to them. She can also act as a reminder for women who only perform the examination sporadically. Breast self-examination is a self-care action with poor compliance, especially with regard to regular monthly BSE. Influencing factors for performing BSE was age, ability to perform BSE, feelings, experiences and life style.