Belysningsfrågor i byggprocessen : Orsaker till brister och förslag till en förbättrad process

Abstract: The fundamental questions in this licentiate thesis are why we do not have better lighting in our buildings and what can be done to improve the situation. Focus is how issues related to lighting are handled during the construction process and one hypothesis is that good intentions concerning lighting in the early stages of the process to a large extent can disappear during the later stages of the process.Beside a literature review, the report is built on a combination of my own experiences from many years of work in the sector and interviews with actors in a number of selected projects.The theoretical framework used is transaction cost analysis where contract design and its effects is a central question. It is difficult to write a complete contract that captures all important aspects and what the result will be then depends on the short- and long term incentives of the actors. A key question is how to create incentives for different types of contractors to do the "right" thing.Results concerning current problems can be summarized as follows:Lack of commitment, competence and knowledge among actors in different stages of the construction process.Competence and knowledge may exist but are not used in the right way at the right time.Decisions are made with a too short time horizon.The focus on private gain overshadows ambitions to take a holistic perspective.The construction process has characteristics that might it difficult to learn from earlier projects.Control and follow-ups are often inadequate.The proposals that are put forward concerns three key areas - Competence, Incentives and Resources - and can be summarized as follows:More resources should be allocated to early stages of a project.Design should be made in closer cooperation between client, architect and technical consultants.Long-term partnering-like relations should be established between the client and especially the architect/technical consultant. This also creates room for development of competence and knowledge on both sides.The project should be carried out as a Design-Bid-Build project as the possibilities to control details of the project then are higher.